Oil burner



Sept. 18, 1928. 1,684,990

B. K./lNGL|s OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 15, 1924 UniFI-Ulm u j a 4 lllllllllldlllllll/ Patented Sept. 18, 19228.

UNITED STATES FicaA BRUCE ir. INGLIsoF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, AssIGNoR or ONE-HALF To CLEMENT W. INGLIS, or MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

' OIL BURNER.-

Application ld August 15,` 1924. Serial No. 732,170.

This invention relates in general to improvements in the art of utilizing hydro-carbons for heating purposes, and relates more specifically to improvements inthe construction and operation of automatically functioning oil burners especially adapted for use in connection with furnaces or boilers such as are ordinarily employed to heat buildings.

An object of the invention is to provide a hydro-carbon burner which is simple in cony struction and efficient in operation. Another object of the invent-ion is to provide an extremely compact hydro-carbon or oil burner which is entirely automatic in operation and which may be readily installed in any standard furnace or boiler. `A fuither object of the invention is to provide a hydro-carbon bui'ner the continued operation of which is not dependent upon outside sources of energy such as electricity, water under pressure7 or a municipal gas supply.v Still another object of the invention is to provide an effective oil burner which is devoid of moving parts and which maybe safely operated by relatively unskilled attendance. A further object of the invention is to provide simple and efficient controlling and regulating mechanisni for oil burners and the like. rlhese and other objects and advantages of the present 3o improvement will be apparent in the course of the following description.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention and of the operation of devices constructed in accordance therewith, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views. Fig. l is a relatively diagrammatic central vertical section through a fragment of a boiler having an improved hydro-carbon burner associated therewith. v

Fig. v2 is atransverse horizontal section through the boiler and burner of Fig. l, the sectiony being taken along the irregular line I-II of Fig. l, lookingin the direction of the arrows.

The hot water boiler to which theimproved hydro-carbon burner has been specifically applied herein by way of illustration rather than by way of limitation, is of relatively standard construction, comprising a lowerv or base section 27 forming an ash pit 4l, and an upper or water jacket section 2 resting upon the base 27 and forming a combustion chamber which isl disposed directly above the ash pit 4l. The ash pit 41 is accessible upon removal of a front closure 21, and the combustion chamber 3 is likewise` accessible through a lire door 30, the closure and .tire door normally sealing the ash pit 41 and the combustion chamber 3 respectively, from the atmosphere. The top of the chamber .f is spanned by a portion of the water jacket 2 which is ordinarily provided with a series of gas discharge openings.

The improved hydro-carbon burner com prises in general a central atoinizing Vdome or bulb 4; an overflow oil basin within which the atomizing bulb 4 rests; an annular inner lwall l1 surrounding the llower portion ot the atomizing bulb 4 directly above the overflow basin 8; an annular intermediate wall consisting `of superimposed upwardly con verging and diverging portions 13, 12 respec-y tively which surround the annular wallll The atomizing dome or bulb 4V is yprovided with longitudinally extending external fins or projections l() along the upper outer portion thereof, and may have a spreader plate 34 of relatively large diameter detachably secured to the upper extremity thereof. The

upper inner portion ofthe atomizingbulb 4 i yis preferably provided with an annular trough or basin 7 having therein diamctrically opposite notches or recesses adapted to engage tlie outer ends of a nozzle 5. Thenozzle 5 is secured to the upperextremity' of the oil supply pipe 6 the lower end of which has screw thread coaction with the basin 8 in orderto secure the bulb 4 in place. The lower portion of the atomizing bulb 4 is provided with a series of gas discharge slots or openings f 9 located directly above the basin 8 and just abovey the lower extremity of the annular inner wall 11. An overflow pipe 17 connects the basin S at a point somewhat above the bottom thereof, with the overflow receptacle 22 which is suspended from the end of a lever 40, theV lever 40 being adapted to operate an emermixing chamber 2O which communicates directly with the openings 9 and `with the interior of the lower casing 14. The converging lower portion 13 of the intermediate wall rests directly upon the lower casing 14 and forms an annular air supply-conduit 3S) communicating with the casing 14 and surrounding t-he wallr11`. The lower casing portion 13 has a series of upwardly directed openings 32 therein for permitting tree passage et air to the annular chamber 36 which surrounds the intermediate wall. The diverging upper portion 12 of the intermediate wall surrounds the .innular inal mixing and initial combustion chamber '38 which is in open con'nnunication with the mining chamber 2() and with the air' supply conduit 39. The outer annular wall 26 is supported directly from the lower casing 14 and surrounds the air chamber`36 whichcommunicates directly with the openings 32.

The upper extremity of the outer wall 26 is` spaced slightly from the upper periphery of the upper intermediate wall portion 12, thus providing an annular' airlnozzle or discharge opening 85 which is directed toward the inner wall of thejacket 2. Y,

The lower casing 14 is supported within the ash pit 41 by meansof a plurality or'. legs 19 each having a slot 29 and a clamping bolt 28 coacting with the slot therein, forpermitting adjustment of the effective vertical length of the legs. The lower casing 14 also has an npper fiange 31, and the legs 19 are preferably so adjustable that the flange, 31 may be brought closely adjacent tothe grate supportj ing flange of the furnace or boiler. The outer wall 26 is moreover' preferably so formed that the inner and intermediate walls'and` the ato-Inizing bulb 4 are freely verticallyv removable therefrom. The sheet metal air supply duct 15' isin open communication Vwith one side of the casing 14 and penetrates the front closure 21, the joint between the duct 15 and the closure 21 being thoroughly packed in or-` der to prevent leakage of air. The inlet opening of the duct 15 is controllable bymenns of a flap .valve18 the position `of which may be varied by means otra rod or cable 37. T he de-` livery ofoil from the reservoir. or vtank 25 through thepipes 16j,A iseontrollablemeans of a valve 24. It will be obviousthat` control of the air and oil valves 18, 24 respectively, may ber-effected either manually or automatically by means of a thermostat, not shown.. i

When installing the improvcdoilburnerin a furnace or boiler, the lower casing 14 .may

befirst insertedin the ash pit 41 through the front opening in the base section 27, after :the oil admittedto the basin 7, `The which the legs 19 may be adjusted to properly position the ange 31 closely adjacent to the grate supporting yflange. air duct 15 and the closure 21 may then be `properly positioned and the supply and overliow pipes 16, 17 may be permanently connected to the overiow basinl 8 as shown. The at tachment of the closure 21Vto the base section y may then be likewise applied and ositioned The sheet metal.,

through the fire door 30, after wlnchthe atj omizing bulb 4 may be permanently attached to the overflow basin 8 by meansfof the distributing nozzle 5 and the central feed, pipe 6. It will thus be notedthat the installation of the burner is relatively simple, and thatA the various elements are also `.readily removable for inspection and cleaning. l j i Vhen it is desired to starttheimproved hydro-carbon burner, a smallquantity of go earv highly flammable oil should first beV deposited y, n

in thejoverfiow basin 8 and ignited. While this oil is burning violently, the valve 24 may V be opened to cause oil to flow by gravity Vfrom y the supplytank 25 through the supply pipes `16, 6 and through the nozzle 5, into thetrough v or basin 7. The flame produced u ignition of the startino oil in the overflowbasin(8,` shoots upwardly along theouter` Vsurface of the atomizingybulb.` 4 and` of thel heating `.tins 10, and heats the bulb 4 adjacent to the oil filled basin V7 to such an extent that the oil in the basin 7 is vaporized and `fills the interior of the bulb 4 with combustible gas. The gas thus "produced eventually `trave1s` downwardly and through the slots or openings 9wherecasingilll,` Themixture o air and gas simultaneously advances; toward the chamber 38 `upon it is immediately mizhredrwith lair enter-` `ing the chamber 20 throu h the ductJ 1,5,and Y y "11'0 and is ignited thusk servin toautoxnatiieall'y" maintain the` atomizing bu brifnheated condition and causing i continuonsv gasification of A y y ignited m1xture of air and gas rs further mixed 1115 with an abundant supply of air'deliveredthrough "i the conduits 35, 39 and the combustion'of the mixture continues throughoutthe combus-f tion chamber 3. The lames reduced' Ainthe initial combustion chamber 3 areforced outwater in the jacket. The gasesof combus- `wardly bythe wall of the bulb 4 and by the plate 34, being delivered against the inner wall-ofthe jacket Bland thoroughly heat the tion pass upwardly from the combustion chamber 3 through the openings `33, and are eventually dischargedy up the stack thus automatically producing thedraft which is necessary to draw a proper amount of air through lll the burner to support combustion. By controlling the air and oil valves 18, 24 the amounts of oxidizing agent and fuel admitted to the apparatus may be accurately regulated to produce complete and eicient combustion and to provide only suicient heat to meet requirements.

It will thus be noted that an extremely simple, compact and efficient hydro-carbon burner is provided, which is entirely automatic in operation and which-may be readily installed in and subsequently removed from any standard furnace or boiler. After being properly started the hydro-carbon burner will continue to operate without interruption, the operation being independent of external source of energy such as electricity, water or fuel gas other than that generated in the bulb 4. The burner is obviously devoid of moving parts which might become inoperative, and its operation may be safely effected and main tained by relatively unskilled attendance.

It should be understood that it is not de sired to limit the invention to the exact details of construction and operation herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art. Y

It is claimed and desired to secure. by Letters Patent l. In an oil burner, a casing forming an imperforate dome having a constricted open lower end, means forming an annular trough exposed to the upper enlarged interior of said dome, means for feeding liquid fuel into said trough, an inner wall forming an annular passage surrounding the lower ope-n end of said casing and directed upwardly toward the outer surface of said dome, an outer wall surrounding said inner wall and forming an annular passage surrounding said casing and having a constriction adjacent to the upper end of said inner wall, and means for conducting air to the open lower ends of said walls. v

2. In an oil burner, a casing forming an imperforate dome having a constricted open lower end, means forming a liquid receptacle below said open end, means forming an an nular trough exposed to the upper enlargedY interior of said dome, means for feeding liquid fuel into said trough, means operable by liquid flowing from said receptacle for controlling said liquid feeding means, an in*- ner Wall forming an annular air passage surrounding the lower open end of said casing and directed upwardly toward theouter surface of said dome, and an outer wall surrounding said inner wall and forming an annular air passage surrounding said casing and having a constriction adjacent to the upper end of said inner wall.

8. VIn an oil burner, a casing forming an imperforate dome having a. constricted open lower end, means forming a liquid receptacle below said open end, means forming an annular trough exposed to the upper enlarged interior of said dome, means for feeding liquid fuel into said trough, means Operable by liquid flowing from said receptacle for controlling said liquid feeding means, an inner wall forming an annular air passage surrounding the lower open end of said casing and directed upwardly toward the outer surface of said dome adjacent to said trough, an outer wall surrounding said inner wall and forming an annular air passage surrounding said casing and having a constriction adjacent to the upper end of said inner wall, and controllable means for conducting air to the open lower ends of said walls.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the' inventor is ailixed hereto.

BRUCE K. INGLIS.

vso 

